Essay about The Signs and Effects of Autism - 1370 Words

The Signs and Effects of Autism Autism is a rare disease that has been noticed for centuries. The purest form of autism (high IQ and almost normal behavior yet still self-contained) occurs in about â€Å"one in 2,000 people†. When the many other forms of autism are added in, the ratio is â€Å"one in 750†. Autism is found in every race, ethnic group, nation, and social standing, although â€Å"males outnumber females by four or five times† (â€Å"Autistic Disorder† – 2). Autism is a broad range of disorders that stretch from mild to severe. There are many theories on the cause of autism, but no definite solution. Because of the broadness of the disease, there are many types and categories. The effects of autism are frustrating, and hard to†¦show more content†¦Evidence that genetics is an important, but not exclusive cause, of so-called primary autism includes a three to eight percent risk of recurrence in families with one affected child† (Rapin, Isabelle – 100). Autism isn’t just one disease but a category of complicated syndromes. Three of the most definable syndromes are Rett’s, Asperger’s, and Landua-Kleffner. Rett’s syndrome is only found in females and most are retarded. This syndrome develops between the ages of six months to eighteen months. Rett’s begins with a normal state of development, then the victim regresses in skills such as speech, hand movements, and social skills, along with other signs of central nervous system dysfunction. Females with Rett’s are most prone to having seizures. Asperger’s syndrome is affective in both males and females. After the first few years of life, victims will lose everything they have learned, but will eventually progress again. People with Asperger’s appear to have more verbal and recognition skills. They also usually show strong interest in subway, bus, and train schedules and maps. Asperger’s syndrome is probably the closest to â€Å"primary autism†. Landua-Kleffner syndrome is also found in males and females. Victims with this -2- disorder appear normal until between the ages of three to seven, which is when regression is noticeable. They lose the ability to talk and showShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Autism On Children With Early Signs Of Autism1517 Words   |  7 PagesMumps and Rubella (MMR) causes signs of autism. Many compelling concerns have been formulated from parents of children who received vaccines and associated noticeable changes in their children with early signs of autism. Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the behaviour and cognition of children (Quinn, 2014). Autism impairs communication, interest and repetitive patterns of behaviour in a child’s socialization aspect of life (Quinn, 2014). Evidently, autism has shown a prevalent increaseRead MoreIt has been determined that an estimated 1 out of 42 boys and 1 in 189 girls are diagnosed with700 Words   |  3 PagesIt has been determined that an estimated 1 out of 42 boys and 1 in 189 girls are diagnosed with autism in just the United States itself. Autism has many different effects to the human body. In most cases it severely affects their social life as well. Autism doesn’t only affect a person’s body and their social life it also affects much more. For example it also affects a person’s ability to communicate with others. Having communication problems can make it harder for them to speak their feelingsRead MoreWhat Do We Know About Autism Spectrum Disorder?1390 Words   |  6 PagesAbout Autism Spectrum Disorder? Actress Holly Robinson Peete once stated, â€Å"I m not a doctor or scientist. I m just a mom. But I do think there s a genetic predisposition, and there are environmental triggers. 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Since Autism Spectrum Disorder is on a spectrum, as the name suggests, there are individuals with mild to little symptoms classified by Autism Spectrum DisorderRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1261 Words   |  6 PagesAutism spectrum disorder (ASD)  is a serious  disorder  which affects the child’s neurological and behavior functions and may cause different levels of disability. Autism is a regressive neurodevelopment disorder that impacts social interactions, verbal and nonverbal, as well as negative behaviors. It is a disorder that is connected to abnormal biology and chemistry within the brain. Also, autism appears within the first three years of life. A child can seem developmentally normal and meeting all milestonesRead MoreAutism Essay1317 Words   |  6 PagesMr. Van Boening English 12 Block 8 6 October 2014 Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic children experience the world a lot more differently than others. For example, children with autism are not capable of using words, and have a hard time communicating in general by any means. Specific sounds, like loud crashes and yelling, would bother an autistic child that wouldn’t normally bother a child that wasn’t autistic. We need to learn more about autism so we can handle it, as it is the fastest growingRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder Research Paper1651 Words   |  7 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder Research Paper What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? Autism is a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts. Autism does not only play a role at home, but it is also important at school. Teachers have to know how to deal with students with autism, and know how to teach them. Research shows us that in order for a teacher to teach a student toRead MoreTreating Autism Spectrum Disorders1025 Words   |  5 PagesAutism spectrum disorders are a class of developmental brain disorders with symptoms that range widely with each affected individual. Autism is a disorder that varies in severity of social interaction and communication that can benefit from the help of different types of treatment. Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, autism, pervasive development disorder, and non pervasive developmental disorder are disorders on the autism spectrum with differing levels of intens ity. Treatments for autism includeRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1369 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Introduction I don t think people understand how unique children with Autism are or the demands of caring for a child with Autism is. In order to grasp the effect of this disability has on a child or their family it is important to understand the characteristics of a child living with Autism. So for you to understand I will be talking about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Autism in a childs life. I will be talking about what autism is, the history and descriptionRead MoreVaccines And Autism : A Tale Of Shifting Hypotheses905 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment agencies has increased rapidly since 1980. Furthermore, vaccines have also changed in how they are made, which is unknown or poorly understood by the general public. While reviewing the literature, this was shown in the article, â€Å"Vaccines and Autism: A Tale of Shifting Hypotheses†, by Gerber Offit (2009), where they discuss how vaccines have changed overtime. The authors state that today a single vaccine use uses less than 200 bacterial and viral proteins or polysaccharides compared to over

Walmart in China Free Essays

Tablet of Contents The Beginning of Walmart Logistic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Magic of the stripes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Walmart’s Cross Docking†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. We will write a custom essay sample on Walmart in China or any similar topic only for you Order Now 5 Downfall of Barcode System†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 Power to the RIFD†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Walmart’s RFID Influence in China†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 The Chinese RFID investment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 Chinese market potential†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 11 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 The Beginning of Walmart Logistic Wal-Mart as we all know it, it is an American multination corporation that operation in a largest chain discount stores in the world. Sam Walton, the successful business man from Arkansas began his retail store in 1940, worked at J. C. Penney and later on started a small retail chain store called â€Å"Ben Franklin†. It wasn’t till 1962; Mr. Walton opened the first Walmart store. In the beginning, Walton had his strategy set to low income families and offered a considerably lower cost than his competitors, the low price strategy allowed Walton to steer forward with his real goal to become the supply chain logistics giant. By 1987, Walton have led the store into a growing rampage, Walmart had 1,198 nationwide, sales in the 15. 9 billion and had 200,000 associates (Walmart, http://walmartstores. com/aboutus/7603. aspx, 2011), In the same year the company also became the largest private satellite net work in the country and implemented the first distribution monitoring system, it is a linked satellite system that offers two ways data , voice and one way video communication between Walmart’s driver and distribution center which increases inventory accuracy and ability to quickly restock store inventories (Wailgum, 2007). Magic of the stripes In addition to the satellite system, Walmart has guided the way to other ground-breaking technologies that had other retailers follow. In 1988, Walmart was the first retail company who used the barcode system as the universal labeling system (Walmart, http://walmartstores. com/aboutus/7603. aspx, 2011). The efficiently of the barcode system gave Walmart the capability to reduce store inventories and the cost of keeping items in warehouse. The barcode system also makes it possible for Walmart to record sales of each item for more accurate sales analysis, because the barcode system worked so well, 99 percent of Walmart stores adapted this technology(Walmart, http://walmartstores. com/aboutus/7603. aspx, 2011). But it also created another problem for Walmart suppliers. One of the key pieces of the barcode system is the Universal Product Code (UPC), the UPC is a stamp with black and white stripes and numbers on the bottom that allows a barcode scanner to scan the product. Getting the UPC code isn’t as easy as print it on the box and ships it out to Walmart. First, Walmart requires all their potential suppliers to file an evaluation with Dun Bradstreet for an evaluation of the company’s financial standing, second, buy a membership from Uniform Code Council’s GS1 that cost at least $750 plus an annual fee that bases on the company’s sales plus cost of each UPC on the product (Washingtonpost, 2007). Base on the cost, if you are large company like PepsiCo or Johnson ; Johnson the fees are relatively small, but if you are a small mom and pop business the fees can eat up most of your sales revenue. However, Jon Lehman who was a Walmart Manager who managed six stores said during an interview with PBS. org(PBS. org, 2004) â€Å"you can track sales on specific items, specific weeks, specific days, specific hours of the day, when you sell merchandise the most. You can find out what size of toothpaste is your best seller, what times of the year you sell that toothpaste. You can track sales spikes during the year, during certain seasonal periods†. the benefit of the barcode system gives Walmart the leverage power to have all their suppliers include barcode in their products, which was the first time, a retailer have power over the supplier. Walmart’s Cross Docking In the retail race for survival, more and more retailers are finding ways to reduce inventory cost and transportation cost. Then in the 1980s, Walmart began to use a logistic technique call the â€Å"cross-docking†. This is a way for the finished goods to directly be pick up from a supplier’s manufacturing plant, and then transport the goods to the customers without storing it. The cross docking provide tremendous benefit, First, reduce handling and transportation cost, the product will not have to go to another storage location to be wait for pick up. Second, Cut product wait time, the product will spend less time in warehouse and more time on the road to deliver to the customer, it is especially important if the products are time sensitive, such as milk or produces. Walmart stores can decrease the financial lost from having to reduce price of the product because it is close to the expiration day. Third, product now have less chances to be damaged during shipping, in the old days, products often have to be transported though many different locations before it is shipped to the stores, the cross docking eliminates the needs of going to different distribution locations, as figure 1 shows, all products now will only go to a centralized sorting facility before it’s shipped to various Walmart stores. However, the most significant advantage of cross docking is the reduced warehousing, one of the cross docking main benefits is the ability to quickly move products, therefore, increase the turnaround time during warehousing. Walmart stores can carry more products and can stored more in the warehouse. Figure 1 Downfall of Barcode System The barcode system provided undeniable logistical benefit since Sam Walton started the company, but as time move forward and more supplies need to be move across warehouse floor; the time is up for a replacement. The technological constraints of the barcode system are speed, range and durability. The first major shortfall is that the barcode requires the line-of-sight technology(RFID-Journal, 2011), which means for the barcode to be read, there has to be a laser scanner within the line of sight for it to pick up the information in the barcode. According to International Logistics by Richard Stewart and Pierre David â€Å"Transportation is dependent on an infrastructure that allows the movement of goods†. Due to the line-of-sight constraint logisticians have to design the warehouse certain ways to allow barcode system to be read or introduce expensive human labors into the picture. Second, because it requires laser scanner to scan the products, only one item can be read at a time. Third, barcodes labels are vulnerable to daily wear and tear. Allow me to ask, have you experienced a time where you or the store cashier try to scan the barcode and you placed the barcode over the red scanner several times, but the scanner failed to pick up the barcode. That’s an example of damaged barcode. Due to the nature of barcode, once the widths of the black and white lines are damaged, it is impossible for the scanners to pick up. As a result of the limitations in barcode technology, Walmart implemented a new technology call RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) in its logistic system. Power to the RIFD In 2003(Webster, 2008), Walmart had started the preparation to integrate the RFID technology into its supply chain. The RFID united the improvements over barcode system in range, reading rate and durability into a single chip. It is a system of small electronic stickers that can instantly broadcast radio signal to the RFID receiver and consistently update its location. This way, logisticians can link between the digital and physical world without any human communication. The RFID had another advantage it’s able to read the data and know precisely what item it is and the expiration date on the item. For example, the RFID can tell Walmart which orange juices in which refrigerators are going to expire, so the employees can move the soon to expire orange juices in the front row. Walmart then required its 100 suppliers to integrate RFID technology in their packaging and hoping it will solve the issues where items are not ready on the selife. According to Ron Moser, RFID strategy leader at Walmart, Around 2 percent of all lost sales are due to the simple fact a store has run out of an item, but 41 percent of the lost sales are due to inventory problem, If RFID can fix just 10 percent of that problem, then Wal-Mart will gain $287 million per year by avoiding lost sales. † Since 2007, Walmart has benefited a 30 percent reduction of out-of-stoc ks; reduction of excess inventory in the supply chain says Walmart CIO and Executive Vice President Rollin Ford(Walmart, Wal-Mart Continues RFID Technology Expansion, 2007). And If combine the numbers from Moser and Ford, that is a saving of 861 million a year, since the integration of RFID. The technology has proven itself as the divine money savior for Walmart’s logistic system. On top of that, Walmart has also pushed the RFID into one of their most profitable foreign market, China. Walmart’s RFID Influence in China In speaking of international logistics, if Walmart requires all their suppliers to include RFID chips, then they will also need to require international companies to do the same. Started in 2009(ChinaRetailNews. com, 2008), Walmart impacted the Chinese supply chain by forcing all Chinese suppliers to have RFID chips build into their products. Not only so, Walmart also created tougher standards on the Chinese suppliers which created a much stressful time for the Chinese manufactures to adapt. Going back to day one, the Walmart RFID movement started in January 2005 in a distribution center in Dallas says computerworld. com (Songini, 2006). At first, Walmart required about 100 of its suppliers in to have RFID chip installed, then in two years after that, in January 2007, 600 suppliers implemented the technology. Base on the historical review of the U. S. companies, it was easier for U. S. ompanies to put into practice of the RFID chip, upgrade the information system and warehousing technologies. On the other hand, most of the Chinese companies were still using human labors for their supply chain management. It wasn’t that the Chinese manufactures didn’t want to upgrade to RFID. The technology infrastructure just wasn’t there. According the physorg. com, most of the companies in South China â€Å"Donâ₠¬â„¢t understand and are not familiar with the technology† There was a number of problems that Walmart needed to solve before implementing the RFID idea into the mind of Chinese suppliers. First, at what level would it affect China? Civilian standards or government regulations or both? Second, how many of Chinese suppliers are capable of deploying the RFID technology; third, how many of them have heard of RIFD technology. The Chinese RFID investment Two of the very important market entry strategies that an international logistician ought to understand before entering a foreign market are the technology infrastructure and the characteristic of different levels of development. Does the Chinese have it what it takes to upgrade its Infrastructure? And does the potential trade benefit outweigh cost? Fortunately, the Chinese government had a plan to expand its logistics infrastructure in 2007. The China State Radio Regulation Committee (SRRC) has approved the bandwidths needed to transmit RFID frequency in China, the two UHF bands 840. 25 to 844. 75 MHz and 920. 25 to 924. 75 MHz (Swedberg, 2007). The Chinese government’s intention of this approval is bring itself up to speed with rest of the world. According to Craig K. Harmon, President and CEO of Standards development organization â€Å"can be viewed as good news for U. S. and European companies. China’s 920 to 925 MHz band overlaps the 902 to 928 MHz band used in the United States, so U. S. RFID tags will be readable by interrogators approved for use in China†. In other word, The Chinese government did not blindly upgrade its RFID infrastructure; it made sure the radio frequencies are compatible with foreign companies like Walmart. In other to support and keep up with rest of the world, the Chinese government is making an enormous amount of investments in the RFID market. Between 2009 and 2014, the Chinese market will have grown to $1. 4 billion in 2010, and by 2014, the RFID will reach $2. 4 billion, more than double the total form 2009, said by an iSuppli, a China market research firm. The RFID infrastructure is growing, and will dramatically develop to a mature stage that has the same level playing field with the United States. Chinese market potential Since the early 90s, the world has witnessed China’s huge growth economy and the potential to grow more, the logistics in China also have been growing along. Nevertheless, international logistics is a part of international business, the market, supply demand, and GDP; those elements are the support beams of the logistics infrastructure. In addition, The Chinese and Walmart’s RFID infrastructures are depended on this growth. In 2010, the Chinese GDP growth was 10. 3 percent. In the same year, the Chinese domestic logistics grew to $15. 75 Trillion and will have 9% compound annual growth rate between 2011 to 2013, said by (Logistic Industry in China set for Tremendous Growth, 2011). On a general level, rapid market and GDP growth is a perfect business incubator for Walmart to accelerate the RFID adaption among Chinese suppliers. Conclusion The Logistics infrastructure is a key component for Walmart to penetrate Chinese market, in view of the fact that the country’s economy is export oriented. The RFID is one of the most important technologies for both Walmart and China to communicate both in the physical level and software level. But without the physical warehouse planning of Cross Docking, introducing the RFID can only win half of the battle. Ever since, Sam Walton created Walmart, moving products to customers have been the key development for the company, from human labor to barcode system and finally the RFID. With the pushing and help from Walmart, local Chinese manufactures and logistics companies are able to adapt this piece of technology and continue to compete with rest of the world. There are also noticeable evidences that the Chinese government is aware of the problem and taking action on, for example approving the RIFD spectrums. So far, the Chinese logistics information system that can support the RIFD is still smaller than the U. S. , even with that, Walmart should not back down in pushing the RFID technology to rest of the Chinese manufactures. We have to remember, what happen from the 100 supplies in the U. S. will happen to the Chinese suppliers. The adaption rate is slow and painful, but Walmart will get there. Works Cited China faces barriers in RFID adoption. (2005, 12 22). Retrieved 04 25, 2011, from www. physorg. com: http://www. physorg. com/news9312. html ChinaRetailNews. com. (2008, 11 06). Wal-Mart To Adopt Radio Frequency Identification On Chinese Mainland. Retrieved 04 26, 2011, from http://www. chinaretailnews. om: http://www. chinaretailnews. com/2008/11/06/1730-wal-mart-to-adopt-radio-frequency-identification-on-chinese-mainland/ Geography, D. o. (2011). THE GEOGRAPHY OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS. Retrieved 04 18, 2011, from Hofstra University: http://people. hofstra. edu/geotrans/eng/ch5en/conc5en/crossdocking. html Gu, V. (2011, 01 03). Press Release. Retrieved 05 01, 2011, from isuppli: http://www . isuppli. com/China-Electronics-Supply-Chain/News/Pages/Chinas-RFID-Market-Set-to-Double-by-2014. aspx Logistic Industry in China set for Tremendous Growth. (2011, 03 09). Retrieved 05 08, 2011, from whattech. com: How to cite Walmart in China, Essay examples

Manpower Planning Scheduling and Tracking - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Manpower Planning Scheduling and Tracking. Answer: Introduction Microsoft Project is software developed and released by Microsoft Corporation for its users (Products.office.com. 2017). It does not come in the office package along with other software like Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Access. The users have to purchase and download it separately from Microsoft site. The software had been designed for assisting the project managers for developing project operations, allocating the budgets, making schedule for operations, and assigning resources. The following report had been made for developing the accurate and appropriate analysis of the Microsoft Project software. The report would provide a brief overview of the operations of the Microsoft Project and point out the various versions of the software that had been released till date. The usage and benefits of the Microsoft Project would be evaluated in the following report too. Microsoft Project is software of project management that had been developed and provided by the Microsoft Corporation (Sharma and Pathak 2015). The design of the Microsoft Project is made such that it would help the project managers with the activities of making project plan, resource allocation, progress tracking, budget management, and workload division. The software had become the most dominant PC-based application for project management used and preferred all over the globe. The software comes in 2 editions namely Standard version and Professional version. The project files made on the Microsoft Project Software is stored in .mpp file extension name (Virine and Trumper 2013). The Microsoft Project is largely used by project managers of all scale (small, medium, and large) of projects for planning their project operations. Versions and Updates of Microsoft Project The first Microsoft Project Software was developed in 1984 that was supported in DOS version (Stover 2014). The Microsoft Corporation bought its rights in 1985 and later in the year released its second version. After releasing four versions of the software for DOS platform, the software was redeveloped for Windows in the year 1990 with the label of 1. The following year 1991 saw the development of Microsoft Project for Macintosh and later in 1993 Microsoft Project 4.0 was released for Macintosh (Doskocil 2013). Microsoft Project 4.0 was used commonly and supported Windows 3.1x, Windows NT 3.1 and Windows NT 3.5 and all were 16-bit versions. In the year 1995, Microsoft Project 95 was released and it was the first 32 bit version of the software that was compatible with Windows 95 (Gido and Clements 2014). The successor version of the Microsoft Project 95 was Microsoft Project 98 that had the menu bar similar to all other Office Software of Microsoft. The Microsoft Project 2000 was the first version of the software to be equipped with Windows based package installer files. The Microsoft Project 2002 was built with the product activation function. The Microsoft Project 2003 was developed with integrated Windows XP style icon similar to all other office suite programs. Since then, no major development was made on the Microsoft Project Software (Howard 2013). The latter versions of the software like Microsoft Project 2007 (v12.0), Microsoft Project 2010 (v14.0), and Microsoft Project 2013 (v15.0) were built with addition of macro capabilities and some extra work to the original design of the Microsoft Project. Usages of Microsoft Project The Microsoft Project had been largely used by project managers for planning their project operations (Baumann and Trautmann 2015). The design of the Microsoft Project is made such that it would help the project managers with the activities of making project plan, resource allocation, progress tracking, budget management, and workload division. The usage of Microsoft Project are explained below, Project Plan Development: The main use of Microsoft Project is formation and creation of an effective project plan (Support.office.com. 2017). The project plan would be helpful for developing a proper estimation of the project activities and dividing them in terms of the duration, work, or resources. The Gantt chart is helpful for dividing the major activities of the project among different users. Resource allocation: The allocation of resources is another major use of the Microsoft Project (Baumann and Trautmann 2015). The various activities in the project and their sub activities can be assigned specific resources for the development of project operations. The tab of resource usage and resource sheet could help the users for adding the required resources in the project. Progress Tracking: The use of the Microsoft Project is also helpful in assisting the activity of tracking the project operations (Gido and Clements 2014) The schedule of the project would also provide an appropriate work duration bar chart. The bar chart would help in tracking whether the activities of the project are progressing as planned or not. Budget Management The management of budget information is the most evitable function that had helped a number of project managers for keeping their projects right (Virine and Trumper 2013). The budget management can be done in the Gantt chart section of the Microsoft Project. For example- if the expense of any resource used in the activity is high, the user can minimize the expense by decreasing the number of days the resource is used. Workload Division: the Microsoft Project is very helpful for dividing the workload among the various resources available for the project (Howard 2013). There is also an option for subdividing any activity in between shared resources or group resources for minimizing the load of activities of the project. Benefits of Microsoft Project The Microsoft Project helps the project managers with the activities of making project plan, resource allocation, progress tracking, budget management, and workload division (Microsoft Store. 2017). There are several benefits of using the Microsoft Project such as Interoperability, user controlled scheduling, team planning, generation of reports, and server compatibility. Interoperability: The Microsoft Project is helpful for providing the benefit of storing data in a centralized SQL based database. It had also shown the use of independent projects, and shared pool resources. User Controlled Tracking: The use of Microsoft Project is helpful for developing the user controlled tracking for the users. The development of tracking methods would be helpful for keeping track of the activities of the project. Team Planning: The team planning is helpful for the forming the allocation of team resources for the operations of the project. The team planning would be developed for improving the team operations. Reports generation: The generation of reports had been eased by the deployment of the Microsoft Project for the project schedule. The report section of the Software is helpful for developing the various reports in terms of resources and work package. Server Compatibility: The integration of the server compatibility had been deployed for the inclusion of the Microsoft Project Server. The SQL database can be stored in a dedicated server for the operations of the project scheduling. Conclusion The report had been developed for the accurate and appropriate analysis of the Microsoft Project software. The report completion had been helpful for forming the successful completion of the analysis of the Microsoft Project. The Microsoft Project had been largely used by project managers for planning their project operations and the usages of Microsoft Project are project plan development, resource allocation, progress tracking, budget management, and workload division. The Microsoft Project had provided several benefits to the operations such as Interoperability, user controlled scheduling, team planning, generation of reports, and server compatibility. References Baumann, P. and Trautmann, N., 2015. Resource-constrained project scheduling with project management information systems. InHandbook on Project Management and Scheduling Vol. 2(pp. 1385-1400). Springer International Publishing. Doskocil, R., 2013. Microsoft project as a knowledge base for project management. In22nd International Business Information Management Association Conference on Creating Global Competitive Economies(pp. 1412-1418). Gido, J. and Clements, J., 2014.Successful project management. Nelson Education. Howard, B., 2013.Microsoft Project 2013 Plain Simple. Pearson Education. Microsoft Store. (2017).Microsoft Project - Microsoft Store. [online] Available at: https://www.microsoftstore.com/store/msusa/en_US/cat/Project/categoryID.69407700 [Accessed 2 May 2017]. Products.office.com. (2017).Project Management Software | Microsoft Project. [online] Available at: https://products.office.com/en-in/project/project-and-portfolio-management-software?tab=tabs-1 [Accessed 2 May 2017]. Sharma, A. and Pathak, K.K., 2015. Manpower Planning, Scheduling and Tracking of a Construction Project Using Microsoft Project Software. Stover, T.S., 2014.Microsoft Project Inside Out: 2013 Edition. Microsoft Press. Support.office.com. (2017).View project cost totals - Project. [online] Available at: https://support.office.com/en-us/article/View-project-cost-totals-0d3a2451-fb1e-4ba0-826e-20ee3b3d60cc [Accessed 2 May 2017]. Virine, L. and Trumper, M., 2013. Quantitative Risk Analysis with Microsoft Project.Project Decision and Risk Analysis Whitepapers,2007, pp.1-5.

Patriotism Is an Outdated Notion free essay sample

To say that patriotism is outdated is to imply that the concept of nation is outdated. For me patriotism Is a word, nothing more nothing less, when I feel patriotic I dont call It patriotism, I call It. Being human. It Is perhaps our disguised patriotism that we fight today In the world, and It will be our disguised patriotism that will lead us into world destruction. Again like I said, patriotism Is a word defined differently by dif people.Who define it the better way, I salute you and hats off to you, those who do it the wrong way, well I cant do nothing much about it. Patriotism is not something that should be on display only on the 1 5th of August and the 26th of January or when the country is facing a war. We need to be patriotic In our everyday life. We can be true patriots by becoming good citizens. We will write a custom essay sample on Patriotism Is an Outdated Notion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Simple things like keeping your streets clean, following the traffic rules, refusing to bribe or be bribed L these go towards the construction of a better nation. This Is patriotism for me or at least, this Is the patriotism that should be shown by a mature country. The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. So in order for us to be free then patriots must exist because without patriots the tree of liberty will dry up, and wither away. Leaving us bare, alone and as slaves.Perhaps the people who said patriotism is an outdated concept, said it while thinking bout a lot of different things, that you and I do not see when we read such stuff. In one sense they may be questioning the definition of patriotism as thought by many patriots. Be the change that you want to see in (India) the World. MAHATMA GANDHI A mans feet must be planted in his country, but his eyes should survey the world. George Santayana Let me end by saying, as Lord Byron said- He, who loves not his country, can love nothing.Patriotism Is an Outdated Notion By kissable For me patriotism is a word, nothing more nothing less, when I feel patriotic I dont call it patriotism, I call it. Being human. It is perhaps our disguised patriotism that we fight today in the world, and it will be our disguised patriotism that will lead us into world destruction. Again like I said, patriotism is a word defined differently by We need to be patriotic in our everyday life. We can be true patriots by becoming nation.

Older vs. Elder

Older vs. Elder Older vs. Elder Older vs. Elder By Mark Nichol Which comparative adjectival term meaning â€Å"more advanced in age† is more correct in usage? Many people still prefer to use elder and its superlative eldest, but they tend to be, well, older; the choice of that last word is becoming the alternative of choice. One reason is that there is no word eld to serve as the basis of elder and eldest; it seems more sensible to many to progress from old to older to oldest. (There, are, however, other comparative/superlative pairs with no related basis: better and best progress from good, and worse and worst regress from bad.) More significantly, though, is the grammatical limitation of elder: One can write, â€Å"He has an elder brother† and â€Å"He is the elder of the two† but not â€Å"He is elder than John.† (The prohibition isn’t logical, but it’s there.) In addition to â€Å"He has an older brother† and â€Å"He is the older of the two,† conversely, â€Å"He is older than John† is considered proper. Another limitation is that elder and eldest apply only to people, but older and oldest may refer to people and inanimate objects alike. Also, although elder and eldest may refer to relative age within a family, the terms are not applied in other social contexts (besides isolated applications such as â€Å"elder statesman,† which refers to a wise and experienced but not necessarily older politician or other authoritative figure): One writes, â€Å"He is the eldest brother† but â€Å"He is the oldest child in the school.† (Keep in mind, too, that though elder and elderly imply advanced age, one does not need to be long in the tooth to be the elder of two siblings or the eldest of three or more.) Elder is descended from the Old English word eldra, which refers to a parent or other older person. (The etymology of the name of the elder tree is unrelated.) The usage in â€Å"Respect your elders† shows its age, but the term is still employed in a religious context to refer to church leaders; an older term for church elders, presbyter, is from the Greek word presbyteros which means â€Å"elder† by way of Latin. (Presbyter was ultimately altered to priest.) Elder is sometimes seen in genre fiction such as fantasy novels to impart a romantic cachet to a bygone era: â€Å"Long ago, in the Elder Days . . . .† Elderly persists as both an adjective and a noun (â€Å"the elderly†), though some consider it demeaning and prefer older as a simpler modifier and â€Å"senior citizens† or just seniors to refer to the demographic. Interestingly, the Old English predecessor of the adjective, ealdorlic, had several superlative senses: â€Å"authentic, chief, excellent, princely.† Older and elder, as you may have guessed when you were younger, share an origin: They both stem from a Germanic root that produce the variants ald and eald. (Adult and adolescent are related words.) The former term survives in alderman (once also ealdorman), a quaint alternative to â€Å"council member† that persists mostly in the Northeast United States and originally meant â€Å"chief, ruler,† and in the Scottish auld as in â€Å"auld lang syne† another variation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:5 Uses of InfinitivesHang, Hung, Hanged10 Writing Exercises to Tighten Your Writing

How To Work With Designers To Collaborate Even Better

How To Work With Designers To Collaborate Even Better Writers, editors, managers, and developers. That’s all you need for a great content marketing team right? Let’s not forget about that one other role†¦.you know, the role that no one really knows how to handle? The one mystical role that speaks their own language and talks too much about color. Yeah, that one, the designers. While they  might dress out of the norm, or talk about things you might care less about, its still important to learn how to work with designers  since they can be a very valuable member of the team. As a designer, myself, I love working with non-designers because I can bring my perspective to the problem at hand. But, in order to do that, there are a few things that need to happen. Here is my best advice on how to work with designers to communicate better than ever, collaborate more efficiently, and publish awesome content. How To Work With Designers With Authentic Advice From s Designer via @ashtonwirrengaBy the way, designers! That poster might be a fun one to hang at  your editor's desk! ;) 1. Communicate Early On The earlier, the better. Your  designer wants to know exactly which problem you’re trying to solve so they can lend their expertise to solving it. But without communication right away, they may end up solving a totally different problem, or not solving anything you'd really like them to work on at all. The best thing to do is to set up an initial discussion to cover these three points: What's the problem?  Focus on what the problem is rather than how you want the solution to look. Like any project, there are probably ten different solutions, but it's a matter of picking the one perfect for you. Designers are trained to think through each possibility and find the one that fits your need. Then, and only then, can you start discussing the physical appearance. What are your goals and expectations? Instead of talking about how you’d like the solution to look, talk about your goals and expectations instead. What would you like the solution to do for your customers? Maybe you’re trying to increase a certain metric. At , we have three specific goals (growing traffic, email subscribers, and our users), and so we focus each and every design on accomplishing them. What are the guidelines? While designers may dream all the way to the moon with possibilities, it's key to know what our guidelines and criteria are for the project. Is there a budget? What about a deadline? Who’s the project lead? Go over all of the details associated with the project itself so your designer delivers the chosen solution at the price and time you’d like. Remember, though, that while guidelines are completely necessary when it comes to the logistics, it's important to leave creative areas open for your  designer to explore. Help  your  designer challenge the status quo and create something better than you’ve ever seen before. At , we communicate writer to designer by using the comments section in each and every piece of content we publish- blog posts, ebooks, webinars, Twitter chats- which is a project management tool built right into . When we published a post with Sujan, who is a guest blogger, we used 's comment functionality to keep everything up to speed. This creates a space for the conversation to not only begin, but for it to stay as a reference point as we continue working on the blog.  We also manage guidelines and expectations by using tasks and a workflow right in so we always meet our deadlines. For the post you're reading right now, our content marketing team used to manage our workflow. We're 60% done with the post right now! All in all, communication is super important  in every team project, and this couldn’t be more true for working with a designer. We want to listen and take your ideas and turn them into a physical result that both accomplishes your goals and looks incredible. Help designers challenge the status quo to  create something better than you’ve ever seen. #design2. Tell Us Your Ideas Just because you may not be a designer, it doesn’t mean that you don’t have ideas†¦ so share them with us!  One of the biggest  misconceptions out there, especially between writers and designers, is the idea that designers hate getting examples of other projects that may inspire the one at hand. While designers surely do hate being asked to copy others' work, or hate getting constrained to "make it just like that", designers can highly benefit from seeing visual examples of what you’re looking for. As creative professionals who live in a world of visual communication, visuals are probably the best thing you can  show your designer to illustrate your ideas. After you’ve discussed the problem at hand, use  the communication designers know best by showing images of what you like and don’t like. This will help your  designer to understand your initial preferences and style right away. Working with designers?  Share  your ideas, then empower  their  creativity to come to life. #designOne way our writers do this at is by using Evernote Web Clipper. Any time they see an article, image, or moment of inspiration, they can use the Clipper and it automatically gets stored in our team Evernote folder which we can access through . Evernote's Web Clipper pulls inspiration your designer can see right in your editorial calendar. From there, I have full access to not only what they’re seeing, but also the notes or comments they have along with it. When working with designers, feel free to tell us your ideas. We want the design process to incorporate everyone’s ideas as that’s where creativity comes to life. 3. Understand What We Value If you’re a writer or editor, you probably care about SEO, grammar styles, and overall tone of voice. If you’re a marketer, you probably value metrics, goals, and how to better reach your audience. Both these roles are incredibly valuable, but it's important to note that designers have their own area of interest. Designers value the experience your user goes through when they  see your product. Sure, the text they read  or the amount of traffic the site gets is important, but overall, we value and care primarily about the user's experience. Designers value the experience your user goes through when they see  your product. #design Designers care about how the user feels and what they think. What will they remember about the experience? This means that while you may be data-driven, we’d rather the project be data-influenced. The numbers matter, but creative strategies can’t always be tracked. Understand what designers value, and you’ll better understand the way in which we think about the solution. A simple way to find out how the user is feeling, is by creating a survey. We’ve used Polldaddy to host multiple surveys and it's a way to get data around how our users experience and feel when using . I personally love statistics and numbers, so you may find that your designer does too, and can start the conversation there. You're data-driven. Designers are data-influenced. How To Work With Designers #design4. Care About The Details So now that you’ve had the initial conversation about what the problem is, you’ve presented your ideas, and know a little more about what your  designer values, it’s time to talk design. What I love most about design, is how it can directly impact the user’s experience in a way that influences the user to act. What the end goal is up to you, but every designer has a few different visual tools they use in order to accomplish this: Color, typography, hierarchy, imagery, etc. This is our bread and butter! We live and breathe color schemes, the differences between Helvetica and Ariel, and just how to order items on a page. These terms will definitely come up in conversation, so if you’d like a better understanding of a designer’s toolset, check this out. Although which colors are used and what typefaces are selected may seem like the part that makes the solution ‘pretty’, there’s actually a lot of psychology and decision making behind the scenes that can either make or break the overall design. Help your designer out by allowing them room to care about these things. Let them explore different styles so that they can deliver the best for your project. #Design isn't making things pretty. It's theory and psychology that creates lasting experiences.5. Trust Us If I’m being completely honest, there’s nothing worse than working with a client  who doesn’t trust my design decisions. First, in order to avoid this from happening, make sure the relationship is a good fit from the beginning, and then once it is, please trust your designer. Let your designer take risks, give them space to do their thing, and encourage their creative freedom. Trust your designer to take risks with  #creative freedom to bring life to your project.Designers are trained for and are passionate about what they do, so let them do it! If you’ve communicated what needs to be solved, then it's time for the designer to do their magic. Designers all have their difference preferences about how they work best, whether at a coffee shop, home, or in the office, but wherever it may be, give them space to think about the problem and discover all the ideas and possibilities. When it comes time for feedback, your designer will reopen the conversation, but for now, trust them to do what they do best. 6. Feedback Is Welcome The most valuable and scary part of going to art school is the critiques. They often take place one or two times during the design process, and then again at the end. The critique process is forever engrained in any designer’s memory, and thus when it comes to your project, they not only want feedback, but expect it. Here are four points to help guide your feedback for your designer: #Design isn’t like a vending machine where the snack immediately falls into your hands. It’s a  process. A design solution isn’t like a vending machine where you put in a quarter and the snack immediately falls into your hands. Design is a step-by-step process that takes time, thought, and skill. Understand that your designer may be needing feedback at stage one long before anything is finalized. At this stage, the design is far from perfect and might still need direction. Be honest, but nice. There’s really no value in feedback unless it's coming from an honest mind. However, please remember to be nice. Even if the design is completely opposite of what you expected, there’s a proper way to go about discussing why your designer made their decision, and how to go about fixing it. Listen.  Let your  designer explain their thought process before you jump in. What may seem completely awful at first glance might actually make sense after you hear the designer’s reasoning for that particular design decision. Listening to the designer shows them respect and gives time for stylistic preferences to be shed while design thinking comes to light. Tell us why.  In the review process, tell us why  you don’t like it or why it looks weird. Don’t just express personal preference. Design elements such as color, typefaces, and imagery often have preconceived experiences for each person, and so not only is it important to remember that we aren’t designing for yourself, but rather the user, it's also key to know why that preference exists. It may not apply to the design at hand. Feedback is incredibly important to the designer and a perfect checkpoint of communication between both parties while the design is still in process. This is a great time to review the problem, ideas, and goals that were initially stated, in order to see how the proposed design fits those criteria. Designers don't design for their editors, they #design for the user.7. Give Credit A thank you here and there never hurt anyone, and the same is applicable to working with your designer. Designers are often the mystical, misunderstood role on the team, so affirming their role not only encourages them, but increases their own confidence in their design process. When confidence is there, the possibilities are endless, making the solution even better. Encourage them, say thank you, and it’ll go a long way. So, Are You Ready To Work With A Designer? Working with designers ultimately comes down to being on the same page.  While you may speak a different language and care about different things, there are ways to communicate throughout the design process that will help  you both give your best to the final outcome. Encourage your designer, let them to do their thing, create a space for feedback, and then give them credit once it’s all said and done. Designers love working with non-designers! Let’s make something great together. Bonus: What NOT  To Say To A  Designer... This one is just for fun! But it's also a super helpful tool to help you communicate clearly and avoid misunderstandings: Can you make this pretty for me? Design is about function, not just appearance. Can you make this for my presentation later today? Effective design takes time, don’t force us to design poorly. Can you make it look like this? Designers have no interest in copying something. Plus, it's illegal. Can you photoshop it? Designer’s aren’t just another creative tool, we’re actually interested in solving the problem at hand. Can you make it pop? Making it pop means nothing to us. Explain WHY you don’t like it please. I’ll know it when I see it. Designers need a specific problem to solve. We aren’t mind readers.

What do banks really do Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

What do banks really do - Essay Example Commercial banks are financial institutions that provide loans, savings and deposits accounts as well as transactional services to entities and individual members of a country. On the other hand, Central Bank is a supreme monetary bank in any country, which regulates and controls economic as well as monetary affairs in a specific country. Central Banks regulates money supply via specific monetary and non-monetary policies to maintain stable and robust macroeconomic environment. This is in order to enhance sustained economic growth and development across different sectors in the economy. Central banks and commercial banks play distinct roles in the economy. In general, the central banks supervise all financial institutions including commercial banks and advices government on what policy action to pursue to maintain robust and stable macro economic environment. Commercial banks provide both monetary and non-monetary services to members of the public and different entities (companies, s ocieties and institutions). To understand the roles of banks in any given country, it is important to state and explain the different roles that different banks play. Therefore, this discussion is divided into two main parts. The first part describes the roles of central banks in any given economy and the second part describes the roles of commercial banks.... They are the only banks with legal mandate to create and issue currencies inform of notes and coins. Central banks are responsible for regulating quantity of all notes and coins issued. They also protect internal and external value of national currency (Backhaus, 2005). Before the central banks issue notes and coins, it must fulfill certain requirements to avoid inflation, currency devaluations and shortage of money in the economy among others. For example, it must keep reserves against all the coins and notes issued at any given time. As a sole issuer of legal tender, central banks easily control credit creation, maintain confidence of the people because it has government backing and recognition, and ensure that all currencies issued are uniform and acceptable. Secondly, central banks act as a bank, an agent and an advisor of banks as well as other financial institutions. Central banks act as lender of last resort. This happens when commercial banks fail to secure loans or advances from other financial institutions to run it banking operations. IMF (2008) asserts that central banks provide funding to financial institutions as lender of last resort to restore confidence in the banking system and avoid fire sales of banks assets by providing liquidity to financial institutions. Central banks also act as custodians and clearing agent for commercial banks. Central bank collects statistical information regularly on matters touching money, public debt, inflation, foreign exchange, trade policies, government securities as well as banking among other information. The information collected and analysed by central banks is disseminated to relevant financial institutions to assist them make informed choices on what strategies to

Grades Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Grades - Research Paper Example According to the authors grading students on a single dimension does not adequately assess learning. For them, a grading plan should include elements such as class attendance and effort. When such a grading system is used, it is unfair to the students based on a number of factors. First, when behavior is used to grade students, it does not connect with students’ understanding of the course or subject. In every learning institution, there are different approaches used to monitor and punish unwanted behavior (Close, 380). For this reason, bad behavior should be punished by the relevant bodies as opposed to being included as part of the grade. If behavior is included as part of the grade, it generally becomes difficult to understand and interpret that grade in a meaningful way (Allen, 222). A grade should be a fair reflection of the student’s understanding and knowledge about a given subject, and this should not be combined with elements such as discipline as this will be misleading. Secondly, the use of these additional elements in determining a grade is based on the teacher’s â€Å"merged judgment† of these elements. This means that the teacher evaluates the student’s performances in these elements – behavior, efforts, interest etc- and assigns a collective score. For example, a student may be given grade B in a certain subject as opposed to grade A due to his low scores in other elements such as behavior and effort. Unfortunately, these factors are based on the merged judgment of the teacher and are not evident or explained in the final grade. A person looking at the student’s grade will not know which of these factors contributed to the final grade and the method used by the teacher in assigning scores to these elements. This gives a false impression of the student’s knowledge in that subject. Finally, including these

Ptlls 008 Roles, Responsibilities Essay Example for Free

Ptlls 008 Roles, Responsibilities Essay Important to define the terms prior to listing the entities which may impact on my work: Legislative requirement: A duty to act according to the law as defined in an Act of Parliament and usually enforceable through the courts. Code of Practice: A set of rules outlining how a person in a particular profession or situation is expected to behave. Statutory Code of Practice: A Code of Practice approved by Parliament and admissible as evidence in any legal action. The Children Act (2004) – Every Child Matters underpinned the Change For Children agenda. The Act came into being following the death of Victoria Climbie. The Act is applicable to children and vulnerable adults up to the age of 25. Focused on five specific outcomes for children: Be healthy Stay Safe Enjoy and Achieve Make a positive contribution Achieve economic well-being Protection of Children Act (1991) – gave local authorities to investigates cases of child abuse. Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act (2006) – introduced a vetting and barring service for those working with children and vulnerable adults. Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) checks (previously CRB checks). Code of Professional Practice (2008) – introduced by the Lifelong Learning Sector. The code is based on 7 behaviours expected of teachers. Copyright Designs and Patents Act (1988) – relates to copying and adapting materials. The Data Protection (1998) – relates to information held on people by others. Education and Skills Act (2008) – aimed at increasing participation in learning. The Equality Act (2010) brought all the areas of discrimination: race, sex, disability, race into one Act. The 2010 Act identifies 9 areas of discrimination. Freedom Of Information Act (2000) – individuals can ask to see the information held on them Health and Safety At Work (1974) – imposes obligations on all to operate within a safe and healthy environment Human Rights Act (1998) – basic rights for all The Further Education Teacher’s Qualifications (England) Regulations (2007) – professional status for teachers in FE and a qualification route GRAVELLS, A. (2012) Preparing To Teach In The Lifelong Learning Sector 1. 2 Analyse own responsibilities for promoting equality and valuing diversity The definition of equality is to treat everybody equally, especially in terms of status, rights and opportunities. The 2010 Equality Act brought together a number of different pieces of legislation which means it is unlawful to discriminate against people on the grounds of pay, sex, race and disability. Diversity means being aware that every person is unique, not only because of their visible differences such as race, age or disability, but also non visible differences, religion, social background, economic status or political beliefs. Inclusion is about being objective and looking beyond first impressions. It’s about diversity and breaking down barriers, changing lives and promoting equality. Within my role it’s important for me to base my practice around the concepts of equality, diversity and inclusion and keep an open mind. Without an open mind I may not support all people equally to recognise their potential and achieve their aspirations. Discrimination could then be argued to have occurred as students would not have been treated equally.

Building Our Future, One Student At a Time :: Education Teaching Teachers Essays

Building Our Future, One Student At a Time There have been many influences on my life. Some have been positive and some have been negative. But, the biggest influence on my life was luckily a very positive one in the form of numerous caring, motivated, intelligent people. You may ask who these people were. They were simply my teachers, and they are the main reason for my career decision. I am in full agreement with Rousseau in his belief that we are all born innocent. That we are neither good nor evil, but rather the environment in which we are influences this. That is why being a good teacher is important. I really and truly feel that the greatest influences on a child, aside from their parents, are their teachers. These are the people that teach children the knowledge and skills that they will use most in life. For example, they teach students how to read, how to do mathematics, how to analyze information, and how to apply the things that they have learned to their everyday lives. Teachers are around the student, in some instances, more than the parents. Therefore, the teacher’s impact on the student is tremendously great. Teachers have to be a number of things all rolled up into one neat package. First and foremost, teachers must be great role models for their students. The teachers have to be role models not just in their words, but also in their actions. If there is one thing I’ve learned from being in different school settings and around numerous children it is that children are very observant. They notice all the little things that you don’t even realize you are doing. So, if you are doing the things you are trying to instill into the children, you establish a trust with them and they see that these aren’t just words that you speak, but they are actually things that you know, believe in, and above all else practice in your own life. This constant role model status also helps you be a better person as you mold the lives of our future. Teachers also have to be disciplinarians. They have to set boundaries and rules for the students and enforce them without a drop of prejudice.

Invisible organizations and systems in LEGOLAND® Windsor Resort Essay

Invisible organizations and systems that part of the firm that reflects the rules, regulations, and processes upon which the organization is based. (John E. G. Bateson, K. Douglas Hoffman, 2010, page 11) The main role of LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort is to offer services that afford thrills, fun and experience; however, all customers consume them at the same time. That means they are influenced by each other, next by LEGOLAND ´s contact personnel (Service providers) and the big part of their final experience is being influenced by the servicescape – by all visible factors of Servuction model. In order to achieve the maximal possible satisfaction of customers, LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort uses it ´s invisible organizations and systems that support all previously mentioned factors and allow them to serve the customers and give them ordered services on the appropriate level. The customers consume the services without having to see and know the behind-the-scenes activities. Rides and Attractions – LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort offers over 55 types of rides and attractions which including Miniland, LEGO ® City, Adventure Land, Land of the Vikings, Imagination Centre and other different interactive attractions. – Visitors buy ticket and can to savour a lot of fun, however behind this experience there is maintaining of the attractions which is invisible for visitors, but very important for their security. Visitors cannot see the system used for allocating attractions throughout the park. http://www.legoland.co.uk/Explore/Activities/ Resort Hotel – Visitors can book online one of the 150 rooms which are fully themed with LEGO features from the dragon-guarded entrance through to the brightly colored pirate splash pool and themed bedrooms, too. – The main core of the Resort Hotel is staying overnight which is visible for customers. Although the customers may never see the system assigning rooms or preparing the rooms for a new customer. http://www.legoland.co.uk/Explore/New-for-2013/LEGOLAND-Windsor-Resort-Hotel/ Food and Drinks – Customers can choose place where to eat from 5 Food options and 5 Dining offers, they also can reserve a table or contact the LEGOLAND Windsor Enquiries Team with customers ´ specific dietary. – When the customers make an order, they get a prepared meal but they do not know how the meal was cooked and how the kitchen is supplied with commodities. http://www.legoland.co.uk/Explore/restaurants/ Shopping –9 types of shops are located throughout the park, visitors can experience the ultimate LEGO shopping in the largest retail shop called The Big Shop. With LEGOLAND ´s â€Å"Buy Now, Collect Later† option, customers can explore the LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort and shop to their heart ´s content without having to worry about their items. Shop assistants will keep the items safe until customers are ready to collect them at the end of their day. – Supplementing the shelf of goods, unloading and storing the goods in a warehouse are all invisible for the customers. In some cases the customers will never meet with the supplementing thanks to a â€Å"Buy Now, Collect Later† option. http://www.legoland.co.uk/Explore/Shopping/BIG-Shop/ Birthday parties – Visitors have an option to celebrate their birthday at LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort, they just have to email LEGOLANDs ´ Birthday team who will arrange the customer ´s birthday party. – The Customers do not have any care with party because everything will be prepared by team, therefore they cannot see which system used in arranging of birthday room and an event. http://www.legoland.co.uk/Plan/tickets/Birthday-Parties/ Water play area – There is also a LEGO themed indoor water play area specifically designed for family fun and a life guard for safety. – Swimming pools have to be maintained because of hygiene and safety of visitors therefore maintainers control pH of water and they fill and discharge water in the pools. All of these operations are practiced when visitors are absent. http://www.legoland.co.uk/Hotel-FAQ-Container/Adult-Swimming-Pool/ Internal relations between the main elements and processes in LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort The first step to identify internal relations, we must recognize the essential elements of LEGOLAND ® Windsor Resort. The service management system (Figure 1) will help us to solve this issue. (Normann, R., 2002. Service management: Strategy and leadership in service business. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley, pages 57- 60) Figure 1 – The service management system

Performance Appraisal Case Study on “Dada Corporation”

Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation Process A case study on â€Å"Dada Corporation† IntroductionPage# a) History of the organization2 b) Objective of the organization3 c) Function of the organization3 d) Role of the organization in the Economic Development of Bangladesh5 e) Organizational Structure7 f) Mission of the organization9 g) Vision of the organization9 Research Methodology a) Rationale of the study10 b) Objectives of the study10 Findings and Analysis a) Brief Description of the organization11 b) Present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process of the organization11 ) Benefit of present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process13 d) Resistance to Present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process13 e) How Present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process should be effective? 14 Conclusion & Suggestion a) Conclusion15 b) Suggestion15 * Bibliography/Reference16 * Enclosures/Graphics/Charts16 Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation Proces s A case study on â€Å"Dada Corporation† Introduction a) History of the organization: In 1974, current CEO, Boo YI Park starts a humble but bold headwear manufacturing business with just 5 sewing machines. 974 ~ 1988: Venturing into headwear business Dada traces its root to Daedo trading, a company Dada’s current CEO B. Y. Park established in 1974. Believing that importing raw materials and subsequently processing and exporting them as a business with no basis, Park always wanted to start a manufacturing business. While Park was traveling in the United States in the early 1970’s, he noticed many young and old people wearing sports caps with affection. Park immediately decided to venture into headwear business and set up a small business in the Southern part of Seoul in 1976 with just 5 sewing machines. 989: Dada establishes its first overseas operations, P. T. Dada Indonesia at Purwakarta, Indonesia. 1991: Dada establishes Dada Dhaka Ltd. at Dhaka, Bangladesh. 1993: Dada establishes Dada Savar Ltd. at Dhaka, Bangladesh. 1997: Dada launches Paxko Ltd. at Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2000: Dada establishes Pax(Suzhou) Textile Products Co. , Ltd. China. 2002: Dada establishes Unipax Co. , Ltd. Vietnam. 2007: Dada has completed a new building for knitwear production alone with 70 knitwear production line at P. T. Dada Indonesia. 2010: Currently it is going to launch a new factory namely P&K Fashion at Gazipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Dada is on the way to be a global textile products company. b) Objective of the organization: Based on our expertise gain form the headwear business we have successfully expanded our business portfolio. We invested $30 millions alone to diversify our business portfolio in 2007 which will be increasing 10% every year till 2015 to achieve our objective â€Å"World class total textile Products Company†. Having started knitwear production since 2007, Dada maintains successful partnerships with global market leaders such as Ad idas. Reebok, Gap, Wal-Mart, Sears, Kohl’s, and K-mark. Dada also is going to uild a new factory in Gazipur, Dhaka. c) Function of the organization: Headwear Business: As the world’s largest and leading headwear manufacturer Dada boasts a global market share of 45% in the sports cap market. Dada made sports hats are supplied to all teams of the four most popular U. S. major professional sports leagues Counting 80 or so major global retailers as its business partners for Headwear products, from Adidas, Reebok, and Nike to specialized golf brands such as Callaway and TaylorMade, Dada is successfully putting on the world market various ODM (original design manufacturer) products of Sports cap.Bag Business: Dada built Moland Co. in Vietnam for bag production in 2007. Making use of the ideal working environment and excellent production staff, the Moland factory endeavors to manufacture products of the highest quality. Digitized patterns using CAD and CAM, strict materials i nspection, production management according to Lean system, in-house embroidery & printing and packaging, performance testing and more, all adds to Moland’s effort to manufacture the best quality product. Dada supplies high quality products to global brands including CamelBak, Haglofs, Jack wolfksin, Ortovax, Thorka Yak Pak and more.Apparel Business: Having started production in 2005, Dada maintains successful partnerships with global market leaders such as Adida, Reebok, Gap, Sears, Walmart, Kohl’s and K-Mart through its smart execution of production management by Lean system and GSD program. In July 2005, P. T. Dada Indonesia started knitwear production. As of 2009, P. T. Dada Indonesia operates 70 knitwear productions lines with 4,800 production staff, boasting a monthly capacity of 1. 5 million units. Established in 2007 with state of the art production facilities, the new knitwear factory at P. T.Dada Indonesia serves as Dada’s production base for knitwear. Equipped with in-house printing and embroidery, CAD/CAM, testing laboratories and more, the operation is known for accurate on-time delivery and delivering products of superior quality. IT Business: An affiliate company of Dada, Damonet provides information technology services including ERP, EKP software and IT consulting. In the past decade of its experience, Damonet has carved out a niche for itself in the â€Å"integrated proposal system† are in S. Korea. Damonet is a gold certified partner of Microsoft. Its main products includes PAX ERP, PAX KMS, eProcurement.R&D and Design: In stead of simply supply hat according to the buyer’s request, Dada started increasing ODM (original design manufacturer) products, where Dada selects fabrics and design and subsequently presents them to the buyers. Approximately 50 personnel comprising a quarter of the entire staff at Dada’s headquarter in Seoul, Korea are presently involved in R&D related operations. Lean System and GDS program Implementation: Dada maintains successful partnerships with global market leader through its smart execution of production management by Lean system and GSD program.At Dada production is carried out only after complete process analysis through RTF sample and GSD Program using the 3D graphic design program, Brozwear. Implementing Toyota’s innovative production system, Lean System, Dada improves productivity and quality, and achieves cost savings. Lean manufacturing is centered around increasing efficiency, decreasing waste based on optimizing flow. Dada adopts one-piece or three-piece flow production and performs 6S(5S + Safety) activities on a daily basis. d) Role of the organization in the Economic Development of Bangladesh:Dada has three sports cap manufacturing and four embroidery factories in Bangladesh since 1991 Dada had launched its first factory at Uttara, Dhaka. From that time it is contributing to our economic development increasingly day by day. Followi ng demonstration ensures contribution to our economic development. ? Employment: Around 4,500 workers and 200 office staffs are working in dada’s three factories and four embroidery units in Bangladesh which is increasing day by day. Dada provide handsome salary structure and others compensation and benefits to its workers and office staffs.Workers get extraordinary benefit as it maintains international compliance standard for the buyer like Adidas, Reebok, Nike, HNM etc. ? Backward Linkage: One of the Dada’s slogans is â€Å"100% localization†. It is on the way to make this true. In 1991, when Dada started its operation in Bangladesh it was fully dependent on imported raw materials which is only 25% now. Dada’s dedicated materials management team is working on it to source 100% raw materials from local market gradually. From 1991 to till now lot of small company had been established who are fully depended on Dada, which helps to boost our economy. Earnin g import duty and foreign currency: Dada is a 100% export oriented sports cap manufacturing company. Dada exports around 12, 00,000 pieces cap per month and import 25% raw materials of its total requirement which helps our government to earn import duty and foreign currency. ? CSR: Dada has its own health care unit and child care unit on its every factory in Bangladesh where worker and their children get free treatment along with free medicine. Dada appoints qualified doctors and nurses to ensure workers’ health. Day cares are open for all who are interested to keep their children while they work.Days cares’ caretakers are very much cordial to workers’ child like as own child and workers concentrate to their work without anxiety. ? Technical Competence: As 4,500 workers and 200 office staffs work in Dada, they experiencing various technical knowledge regarding sports cap manufacturing such as planning, materials sourcing, buyer handling, etc. Lots of Dada employ ee established local sports cap manufacturing company in Bangladesh based on this experience. ? Income Tax: Around 50 South Korean people are working in Dada’s factory in Bangladesh.They are paying income tax to our government and government also getting tax on the profit of the company. ? Uses of national resources: As like others production unit Dada requires lot of power, gas, water and other national resources to continue its production which helps to use our national resources. e) Organizational Structure: Every company has its own organization hierarchy to establish chain of command and to ensure smooth operation. As Dada is a large and complex multinational manufacturing company, it organizational structure is highly complex and large.This is a standard organizational hierarchy that Dada follows: Standard Organizational Hierarchy Standard Organizational Hierarchy f) Mission of the organization: Dada is the pioneer and leader in the sports cap manufacturing sector in th e world. Dada’s current mission is to be the leader in Bag manufacturing sector. Aiming this, in 2007, Dada already built Moland Co. in Vietnam for bag production. With more than 10 years of experience, Dada’s staffs are more than capable of dexterously handling orders from leading brands such as Camelback, Jackwolfskin, Ortovox, Thorka.Moland’s staffs strictly control for quality once again on products manufactured under Moland’s optimal environments by conducting complete laboratory performance testing including wheel mileage testing, handle twist and jerk testing and tumbling testing. g) Vision of the organization: Dada has demonstrated its commitment throughout the years to a set of core values including integrity, innovation, and standardization. Dada has since expanded its business portfolio to knitwear and bags, in turn transforming itself into a leading diversified textile products company.World’s No. 1 headwear manufacturer As the worldâ⠂¬â„¢s leading headwear manufacturer Dada already captures a global market share of 45% in the sports cap market. Dada made sports hats are supplied to all teams of the four most popular U. S. major professional sports leagues, Namely NFl, MLB, NBA, and NHL. Counting 80 or so major global retailers as its business partners, from Adidas, Reebok, and Nike to specialized golf brands such as Callaway and TaylorMade, Dada is successfully putting on the world market various ODM (original design manufacturer) products.Company that leads change Dada has a proven track record of aggressively investing in R&D and design in order to develop innovative new products that change the game for its industry, and ultimately contributes to improving the lives of our customers. Dada has cumulatively filed 72 U. S. patents related to headwear. World class total textile Products Company Based on our expertise gain form the headwear business we have successfully expanded our business portfolio. We investe d $30 millions alone to diversify our business portfolio in 2007.Having started knitwear production since 2007, Dada maintains successful partnerships with global market leaders such as Adidas. Reebok, Gap, Wal-Mart, Sears, Kohl’s, and K-mark. Dada also built a new factory in Vietnam for bags production. Consumer driven company Dada’s service not only focuses on delivering to customers their primary needs, such as product quality and 100% on-time delivery. Dada is comprehensive manufacturing and service solution providing company that proactively seeks the wants and unarticulated needs of customers, with the goal of achieving customer satisfaction, and customer success.Research Methodology a) Rationale of the study: Performance appraisal and job evaluation is the integral part of an organization. Human are the main asset of an organization only when it is directed and utilized properly. If organization can develop and implement proper job performance and job evaluation method, this can help an organization to achieve its goal by developing productive employees. There are many types of job evaluation system followed by the various organizations. Each of them has its own advantage and disadvantage.Without job evaluation an organization cannot assess their employees’ performance and cannot pay appropriate pay, benefit and reward. As a result the organization might lose productive employee which will interrupt to attain it objectives. b) Objectives of the study: I. To know about â€Å"Dada Corporation†. II. Performance appraisal and job evaluation method followed by â€Å"Dada Corporation†. III. Benefit of the present performance appraisal and job evaluation process followed by â€Å"Dada Corporation†. IV. Resistance to the present performance appraisal and job evaluation process followed by â€Å"Dada Corporation†.V. Present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process should be more effective which is followed by â€Å"Dada Corporation†? Findings and Analysis a) Brief Description of the organization: Since its establishment in 1974 as a headwear manufacturer, Dada has demonstrated its commitment throughout the years to a set of core values including integrity, innovation, and standardization. Dada has since expanded its business portfolio to knitwear and bags, in turn transforming itself into a leading diversified textile products company.Dada maintains successful partnerships with global market leaders such as Adidas. Reebok, Gap, Wal-Mart, Sears, Kohl’s, and K-mark. b) Present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process of the organization: Dada believes on equal opportunity and Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale. Thus it distributed 60% (30% + 30%) of the total points for Attitude and Performance. Evaluation points distribution: Attendance points (25 %) Evaluation 3-month basis A. Lateness / early left (15%): for personal reasons onlyFrequency -3= 15 points Frequenc y -6= 10 point Frequency -9= 5 points Frequency over 9= 0 points B. Absent / leaves (10%) 1. Present all work-days = 10 points 2. Unauthorized absent Day 1 or more = 0 point 3. Leave enjoyed AFTER approval: Casual leave = 8 points Sick leave= 8 points 4. Leave enjoyed WITHOUT information but approved later on: Casual leave Day 1= 8 points Day 2= 6 points Day 3= 4 points Over 3 days= 0 points Sick leave = 4 points Suggestion points (5%) Evaluation 3-months basis NO suggestion= 0 point suggestion= 3 points 2 suggestions= 4 points 3 suggestions= 5 points New initiatives/Loss hunting (10%) Based on implemented ideas/ cost savings/ new income through sales etc points will be considered as 2 or 4 or 6 or 8 or 10. And as usual Attitude (30%) and Performance (30%) points will be considered to evaluate a staff out of total 100%. Performance Appraisal Form: Dada Corporation Performance Appraisal Form Employee ID#:Date of Appraisal: Employee Name:Date of joining: Designation:Total year in serv ice: Department:Quarter: Total points earned: | | |Attendance (out of 25): | | |Suggestion (out of 5): | | |New initiatives/Loss hunting (out of 10): | | |Attitude (out of 30): | | |Performance (out of 30): | | c) Benefit of present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process: Dada constantly takes stock of its workforce and assesses its performance in existing jobs to get following major benefit: ? To improve organizational performance via improving the performance of individual contributors (should be an automatic process in the case of good managers, but (about annually) two key questions should be posed: What has been done to improve the performance of a person last year? and what can be done to improve his or her performance in the year to come? ). To identify potential, i. e. to recognize existing talent and to use that to fill vacancies higher in the organization or to transfer individuals into jobs where better use can be made of their abilities or developing skills. ? To provide an equitable method of linking payment to performance where there are no numerical criteria (often this salary performance review takes place about three months later and is kept quite separate from 1. and 2. but is based on the same assessment). d) Resistance to Present performance appraisal and Job evaluation process: It is very tough to develop and implement a proper Performance appraisal and Job evaluation system.There are lots of resistances that Dada face to implement its Performance appraisal and Job evaluation system which are as follows- ? Identification of the appraisal criteria is one of the biggest problems faced by top level management. The performance data to be considered for evaluation should be carefully selected. For the purpose of evaluation, the criteria selected should be in quantifiable or measurable terms. Thus Dada very frequently checks validity of its Performance appraisal and Job evaluation system. ? Top management of Dada should choose the rate rs carefully. They should have the required expertise and the knowledge to decide the criteria accurately.They should have the experience and the necessary training to carry out the appraisal process objectively. ? Many errors based on the personal bias like stereotyping, halo effect (i. e. one trait influencing the evaluator’s rating for all other traits) etc. may creep in the appraisal process. Therefore the rater should exercise objectivity and fairness in evaluating and rating the performance of the employees. ? The appraisal process of Dada faces others resistance from the employees, the trade unions, politician and local people for the fear of negative ratings. Therefore, the employees should be communicated and clearly explained the purpose as well the process of appraisal.Dada maintains good relationship with all related parties like trade unions, politician and local people to make appraisal process fair and effective. e) How Present performance appraisal and Job eva luation process should be effective? Performance Appraisal and Job evaluation process could be more effective by taking following initiatives against the Resistance of the Appraisal and evaluation process. ? Performance appraisal should not be a one-way communication event. Employees should have opportunity to discuss their performance raise questions about the facts raise and to add their own data about their work that will reduce their Emotion. ? Should be careful to avoid the unjustified evaluation Criteria used and the objective should be clear and in all respect. Appraisers must be trained about the Appraisal and Job evaluation process for better Judgment. ? Appraisal must be error free for correct Judgment we have to remember that at the time of Appraisal and Job evaluation every person who is engaged for preparing the appraisal they must be aware of the legal implications that arise. Conclusion & Suggestion a) Conclusion: Performance appraisal means evaluating an employeeâ₠¬â„¢s current and/or past performance relative to his or her performance standards. On the other hand Job evaluation is the formal process by which the relative worth of various jobs in the organization is determined for pay purpose.The main objective of the Performance appraisal and job evaluation is to measure the current level of the employee and to attempt to relate the amount of the employee’s pay to the extent that her or his job contributes to organizational effectiveness. In this case study I tried to know the performance appraisal system, resistance, benefit and to know how it could be more effective on the practical ground of an 100% export oriented sports cap manufacturing company namely â€Å"Dada Corporation†. b) Suggestion: Organization achievement is largely depends on the utilization of human resources. Organization should foster productive employee to attain its goal successfully and effectively which is totally depended on the appropriate Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation system. Thus, I think Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation system should be- ?First company should develop and implement a standard Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation system according to its ability. ? Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation system should be clearly stated to the employee and supported by the employee and management to maintain possible expenses. ? Standard Appraisal form should be developed and published publicly. ? Performance Appraisal should be done periodically. ? Validity of Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation system should be done periodically. Over all, Performance Appraisal and Job Evaluation should be done without any bias, nepotism and favoritism; it should be based on the employees’ quality and quantity of work, productivity, attitude, educational ualification, attendance, dedication, skill, efficiency, ability, concentration, etc. * Bibliography/Reference: ? Test book â€Å"Human Resource Managementâ €  – Decenzo/Robbins – 6th Edition ? Dada Corporation’s web site: www. dada. co. kr ? Class lecture. ? Dada Corporation’s Administration and HRD department. †¢ Enclosures/Graphics/Charts No graphics, charts are enclosed. ———————– CEO China CEO Vietnam CEO Indonesia CEO Bangladesh Chairman President Planning Support Accounts Sales General Affairs Trade R&D ERP Help Desk GM Factory2 Production Management Pre Production Team Local R&D Country CEO Director GM General GM Factory1 HRD Commercial Accounts & Finance IT Administration Materials Management

energy crisis essays

energy crisis essays Late in the autumn of 1973, energy (or the lack of it) grabbed headlines like never before. It was not until the war between the Arab countries and Israel that the United States noticed a sharp decrease in our oil supplies. This was due to the fact that we - the U.S. - were supplying aids and weapons to Israel. Arab, who produced the majority of the worlds oil, decided to punish us by cutting off our oil shipments. In November of the same year, President Nixon appeared on live television to inform the United States public about the crisis. He informed the people they were going to have the most crucial energy shortage since World War II. In order to conserve energy there were a few emergency polies being enforced. These new rules were said to help everyone get through the shortage, but they ended up having the opposite effect. A few of the policies included lowering highway speed limits to 55 miles per hour in hopes of saving gasoline. Also, factories worked shorter shifts and air travel time was cut by about 10 percent. During this time, children were effected a lot. Nixon ordered that clocks were not to be turned back an hour late as they usually were in October. Instead, the U.S. was to stay on summers daylight savings time in order to conserve energy. Therefore, kids had to go to school when it was still dark. Some children carried with them flashlights. Christmas was a very sad time in 1973. People were unable to use Christmas lights or any other electronic decorations in order to save energy. The President announced that because of the crisis, the lights of the national Christmas tree would not be turned on. Increase of prices made it hard for families to buy things and pay bills. Demand for oil created hardships for gas station owners as well. There were long lines of cars snaking for miles, and impatient drivers starting fights and sometimes shooting one another. ...

Book Review of Aleph by Paulo Coelho

Book Review of 'Aleph' by Paulo Coelho Paulo Coelhos (The Alchemist, The Winner Stands Alone) novel takes readers on an adventurous journey that spans all 9,288 kilometers of the Trans-Siberian railroad from Moscow to Vladivostok, and a parallel mystical journey that transports its narrator through space and time. In his most personal novel to date, Coelho presents himself as a pilgrim seeking to regain his spiritual fire, much like Santiago, the beloved main character of his runaway bestseller The Alchemist. Paulo Coelhos books have sold more than 130 million copies and have been translated into 72 languages. Besides The Alchemist, his international bestsellers include Eleven Minutes, The Pilgrimage, and many other books whose characters grapple with seemingly simple spiritual themes: light and darkness, good and evil, temptation and redemption. But never before has Coelho chosen to place himself as a character so profoundly in the midst of that struggle - until now. In Aleph  (Knopf, September 2011), Coelho writes in the first person, as a character and a man wrestling with his own spiritual stagnation. Hes 59 years old, a successful but discontented writer, a man who has traveled all over the world and become widely acclaimed for his work. However, he cant shake the sense that hes lost and deeply dissatisfied. Through the leadership of his mentor J., Coelho comes to the conclusion that he must change everything and move forward, but he doesnt quite know what that means until he reads an article about Chinese bamboo. Coelho becomes inspired by the thought of how bamboo exists only as a tiny green shoot for five years while its root system grows underground, invisible to the naked eye. Then, after five years of apparent inactivity, it shoots up and grows to a height of twenty-five meters. Taking what sounds like the advice hes written in his previous books, Coelho begins to trust and follow the signs and live [his] Personal Legend, an act that takes him from a simple book signing in London to a whirlwind tour of six countries in five weeks. Filled with the euphoria of once again being in motion, he commits to a journey through Russia to meet with his readers and to realize his lifelong dream of traveling the entire length of the Trans-Siberian railroad. He arrives in Moscow to begin the journey and meets more than what hes expecting in a young woman and violin virtuoso named Hilal, who shows up at his hotel and announces that shes there to accompany him for the duration of the trip. When Hilal wont take no for an answer, Coelho lets her tag along, and together the two embark on a journey of much greater significance. By sharing deeply profound moments lost in the Aleph, Coelho begins to realize that Hilal can unlock the secrets of a parallel spiritual universe in which he had betrayed her five hundred years earlier. In the language of technical mathematics, Aleph means the number that contains all numbers, but in this story, it represents a mystical voyage wherein two people experience a spiritual unleashing that has a profound impact on their present lives. Sometimes throughout the story, Coelhos tendency to describe spiritual concepts in simple terms borders on clichà ©. A life without cause is a life without effect, he repeats, along with other pithy sayings such as Life is the train, not the station. These sayings take on greater depth, however, as this storys narrator travels back in time and returns to the present with experiences that give them new meaning.The tension in Aleph builds as the train nears its destination at Vladivostok, the final stop on the Trans-Siberian railroad. The narrator Coelho and Hilal have become entangled in a spiritual web that must be broken if they are to continue on in their separate lives. Through their delicate negotiations, readers will come to understand the interconnectedness of people throughout time and find inspiration in this story of love and forgiveness. Like many of Coelhos other novels, the story in Aleph is one that will appeal to those who view life as a journey. Just as Santiago of The Alchemist sought the fulfillment of his Personal Legend, here we see Coelho writing himself into the fabric of a novel that traces his own spiritual growth and renewal. In this way, its the story of Coelho, the story of his characters, and the story of each of us who read it. Disclosure: A review copy was provided by the publisher. For more information, please see our Ethics Policy.